Common name

Growth rate

Height (ft)

Width (ft)

Soil¹

Moisture²

Shade tolerance

Bloom time

Flower color³

Uses⁴

Notes

Blue spruce

slow

30-60

10-20

S, L

M

shade

N/A

N/A

WL, WB, C

Salt tolerant

Norway spruce

mod. fast

50-85

35-30

L, C

M

sun

N/A

N/A

O, WB, WL

Susceptible to drought and late frost, salt sensitive

*White spruce

slow

50-85

10-20

S, L, C

W, M

shade

N/A

N/A

L, WB, WL

Tolerates heat, drought, and highwater; salt sensitive

*Jack pine

fast

40-80

30-40

S, L, C

D

sun

N/A

N/A

T, WL

Fire dependent

*White pine

mod. fast

70-100

50-75

S, L, C

M, D

part shade

N/A

N/A

T, WL

Salt and juglone sensitive, preferred deer browse

*Red pine

fast

65-100

40-70

S, L

M, D

sun

N/A

N/A

L, WL, T

Salt and juglone sensitive

*White cedar

very slow

30-50

20-30

S, L

W, M

shade

N/A

N/A

WL

Preferred deer browse, juglone tolerant

*Redcedar

very slow

30-50

8-20

S, L

M, D

sun

N/A

N/A

L, WB, WL

Drought resistant, juglone tolerant, browsed by deer

Concolor fir

slow

40-70

20-30

L, C

M

shade

N/A

N/A

C, L, O, WL

Often browsed by deer, site tolerant

*Balsam fir

slow

40-80

20-35

S, L, C

W, M

shade

N/A

N/A

C, L, WL

Often browsed by deer

Fraser fir

slow

30-50

15-25

S, L

M

part shade

N/A

N/A

C

Often browsed by deer, heat intolerant

*Canadian hemlock

slow

65-100

25-30

S, L

M

shade

N/A

N/A

O, WL

Preferred deer browse, salt sensitive

*Canoe birch

fast

40-70

25-45

S, L, C

W, M

sun

Apr-May

G

O

Fire dependent, does not tolerate harsh conditions

*Red maple

rel. fast

50-100

50-75

S, L

W, M

shade

Apr-May

R

WL

Roots can cause structural damage, yellow to red fall color, salt sensitive, preferred deer browse

*Silver maple

fast

60-100

40-60

S, L, C

M

sun

Mar-Apr

R

shade tree

Branches brittle, roots can cause structural damage

*Sugar maple

slow

60-100

50-75

S, L

M

shade

Apr-May

Y-G

WL, T, maple syrup

Shallow roots can cause structural damage, salt sensitive, juglone tolerant, preferred deer browse

*Red oak

rel. fast

65-90

60-75

S, L, C

M, D

sun

May-Jun

Y

WL, T

Urban and salt tolerant, brick-red fall color, browsed by deer, acorns mature in 2nd fall, salt tolerant

Hybrid poplar

fast

40-60

20-35

S, L, C

M

sun

Apr-May

Br-R

WB, T, WL

Yellow fall color, salt tolerant, dioecious

*Tulip poplar

very fast

60-110

35-50

S, L

W, M

sun

May-Jun

Y-G

WL, WB

Sensitive to frost damage and salt, juglone tolerant

*Black walnut

fast

60-90

50-75

S, L

M

sun

May

Y-G

WL

Produces juglone which inhibits the growth of some other plants, sensitive to site conditions, salt tolerant

*Black cherry

fast

40-65

35-50

S, L

M

sun

May-Jun

W

T, WL

Poisonous to livestock, salt tolerant, preferred deer browse

*Highbush cranberry

slow

8-12

8-12

S, L

W, M

part shade

May-Jun

W

WL, O

Red fruit, red-purple fall color, salt sensitive, preferred deer browse

Roselow sargent crabapple

moderate

6-8

9-16

S, L, C

M

sun

Apr-May

W

WL, WB

Tolerates dry acid soils and periodic flooding, salt sensitive, juglone tolerant, preferred deer browse

*Redoiser dogwood

moderate

6-10

6-10

S, L, C

W, M

part shade

Jun

W

WL

White to blue fruit, purple-red fall color, preferred deer browse, salt sensitive

*Gray dogwood

moderate

6-12

6-12

S, L, C

W, M, D

part shade

May-Jun

W

WL

Reddish to purple fall color, white fruit on red stems, salt sensitive, preferred deer browse

Common lilac

moderate

8-12

6-12

S, L

M

part shade

May

W-Pr

O

Remove inflorensces after flowering ceases to promote better flowering, juglone tolerant

*Elderberry

slow (shade) fast (sun)

5-12

6-12

S, L, C

W, M

part shade

Jun-Jul

W

WL

Purplish-black fruit, vegetative parts may cause poisoning, salt and juglone tolerant

*Serviceberry

slow

12-25

18-24

S, L, C

M, D

shade

Apr-May

W

O, WL

Intolerant of wet soils, yellow to red fall color, salt sensitive, juglone tolerant, browsed by deer

Rose of Sharon

moderate

8-10

6-8

S, L, C

M

sun

July-Sept

W-Pr

O

Adaptable to various soil conditions

*Butterfly bush

fast

5-10

4-12

L

M

sun

Jul-Sept

Pr

O, butterflies

Unkepmt growth habit, may have invasive tendencies

*Common persimmon

moderate

30-50

20-35

L, C

M